Primary sources
Foguo zhi [Record
of the Buddhist Kingdoms] (also known as Faxian zhuan [Biography of
Faxian], written ca. 420 AD), in Taisho shinshu Daizokyo (The Tripitaka,
a New Compilation of the Taisho Era), Vol. 51, No. 2085, pp. 857a-866c.
Edited Edition
Zhang Xun 章巽, Faxian zhuan jiaozhu 法顯傳校注 (Shanghai: Shanghai guji, 1985).
Zhang Xun's sources
Adachi Kiroku 足立喜六. Da Tang xiyu ji no kenkyu
大唐西域記の研究
_______________. Kōshō Hokken den 考證法顯傳. Tokyo, 1935. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Zulishishu chuban 足立氏書初版)
_______________. Hokken den -- Chū'a, Indo, Nankai kikō no kenkyu 法顯傳──中亞、印度、南海紀行の研究. Tokyo, 1940. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Zulishishu 足立氏書)
Ayuwang zhuan
阿育王傳 (Biography of King Asoka).
Ayuwang jing
阿育王經 (King Asoka sutra).
Banerjee, R. D. [Banaji 巴納基].
Beal, Samuel. Travels of Fah-hian and Sung-yun, Buddhist Pilgrims, from China to India (400 AD and 518 AD). London, 1869. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Pishishu 皮氏書)
Chavannes, E. Song yun xing ji jian zhu 宋雲行紀箋注.
Chavannes, E.
Xi tuque shiliu 西突厥史料.
Chu sanzang ji ji 出三藏記集
Cunningham (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as 堀氏書 ?)
Da Tang neidian lu 大唐內典錄
Da Tang Xiyu ji 大唐西域記, the travel account written by the monk Xuanzang (Hsuan-tsang) of the Tang dynasty.
Dao rong zhuan 道榮傳, cited in Luoyang qielan ji.
Ding Qian 丁謙. Fo
guoji dili kaozheng 佛國記地理考證 (Investigation into the
Geographical
Aspects of the Record of Buddhist Kingdoms)
Dunhuang xianzhi 敦煌縣志
Fanyi mingyi ji 翻譯名義集
Feng Chengjun 馮承鈞. Lidai qiufa fanjing lu
_______________. "Loulan, Shanshan wenti" 樓蘭鄯善問題, in his Xiyu Nanhai shi di
kaozheng lunzhu huiji 西域南海史地考證論著彙輯.
_______________. "Shanshan
shiji" 鄯善事輯, in his Xiyu Nanhai shi di
kaozheng lunzhu huiji 西域南海史地考證論著彙輯.
_______________. Xiyu diming 西域地名 [Place
names of the Western Regions].
_______________. Xiyu Nanhai
Shidikaozheng yizong
西域南海史地考證譯叢.
_______________, trans.
Xi tuque shiliu 西突厥史料, by E. Chavannes.
_______________, trans. Song yun xing ji jian zhu 宋雲行紀箋注, by of E. Chavannes.
_______________, trans., Zhengfa nian chu jing Yanfuti zhou dizhi kan jiao lu 正法念處經閻浮提洲地誌勘校錄
Gao seng zhuan 高僧傳
Gao You's 高誘, notes on "Yuandao shun" 原道訓 in Huainanzi 淮南子
Geiger [Gaige 蓋格], W.
Ghirshman. R. [Geximan
格希曼] (Purashapura chapter)
Giles, H. A. The Travels of Fa-hsien (399-414 AD) Or Record of the Buddhistic Kingdoms. Cambridge, 1923. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Zhaishishu 翟氏書)
Gujin yijing tuji 古今譯經圖紀
Han shu 漢書
He Changqun 賀昌羣. Gudai xiyu jiaotong yu Faxian yindu xunli 古代西域交通與法顯印度巡禮.
Hou Han shu 後漢書
Huang Wenbi. The Archaeology of the Tarim Basin (Khotan chapter)
Huilin yiqie jing yinyi 慧琳一切經音義.
Huiyuan 慧苑, Xinyi dafang guangfo Huayan jing yinyi 新譯大方廣佛華嚴經音義
Jiaqing Chongxiu
yi tong zhi 嘉慶重修一統志
Jia
Sixie 賈思勰 (Northern Wei). Qimin yaoshu 齊民要術.
Jin shu 晉書
Jinshu zaji 晉書雜記
Jiu Qiande 崛謙德, Jieshuo Xiyu ji 解説西域記
Kaiyuan shi
jiaolu 開元釋教錄
Law, B. C. Historical Geography of Ancient India. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Lao shi shu)
Legge, James. A Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms, being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fa-hien of his Travels in India and Ceylon (AD 399-414). Oxford, 1886. (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Lishishu 理氏書)
Li 酈氏, Shuijing
heshui zhu 水經河水注
Lidai sanbao ji 歷代三寶紀
Lie Wei 烈維, Suowei yizhong tuhuoluo yu ji Guizi yu kao
所謂乙種吐火羅語即龜茲語考
Lishishu 李氏書, see Legge.
Luoyang qielan ji 洛陽伽藍記, sometimes abbreviated Qielan ji 伽藍記
Majumdar, The History and Culture of the Indian People (Yindu renmin zhi lishi yu wenhua) (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Mai shi shu)
Nagasawa Kazutoshi
長澤和俊. Gongnei ting shu ling bu tushu
liaoben Hokken den kouchuu
宮內廳書陵部圖書寮本法顯傳校注, annotated
edition, in Luerdao duanqi daxue yanjiu jiyao 鹿兒島短期大學研究紀要, No. 6, based on the Kai facsimile edition.
Nanhai jigui neifa zhuan 南海寄歸內法傳
Pi shi shu 皮氏書, see Beal.
Qin ding huang yu xiyu tu zhi 欽定皇輿西域圖志
Qing shigao shuguo liezhuan 清史稿屬國列傳
[Qu] Qiande
堀
謙德, in Jieshuo xiyu ji
解說西域記 (Explaining the Journey to the
West) (Abbreviated in Zhang Xun as Qushishu).
Sanguo zhi 三國志
Shiji 史記
Smith, Vincent A. [Shimisi 史密斯], The
Itinerary of Yuan Chwang [Xuanzang xingcheng ji 玄奘行程記]
Song Yun’s record of his diplomatic mission to the Western Regions in chapter 5 of Luoyang qielan ji.
Sutra
on Buddha's Ascent to Daoli Heaven and Exposition of the Dharma to his Mother
Taiping huanyou ji 太平寰宇記
Taiping yulan 太平御覽
Tang shu 唐書
Tang Yongtong 湯用彤, Ping Zuli Xiliu (Adachi Kiroku) kaozheng Faxian zhuan 評足力喜六考證法顯傳.
Thomas Watters [Watese 瓦特斯]. On Yuan Chwang's Travels in India, 629-645 (Abbreviated by Zhang Xun as Washishu).
Weilue 魏略
Weilue xirong zhuan 魏略西戎傳, a work now lost, but quoted in other works, such as Sanguo zhi (See Purashapura chapter).
Wei shu 魏書
Williams, Sir M. Monier [Monier Weiliansijueshi 莫尼爾‧威廉斯爵士], A Sanskrit-English Dictionary [Fan-Ying cidian 梵英辭典]
Ganges [Hengshui 恆水], Qingqie 殑伽 [Ganga in Sanskrit]
Wu lu di li zhi 吳錄地理志 (lost work? some passages cited in Jia Sixie, Qimin yaoshu
Xin Tang shu 新唐書
Xu gaoseng zhuan 續高僧傳
Xu Han shu junguo zhi 續漢書郡國志
Yitong zhi 一統志
Youyang zazu 酉陽雜俎
Yuanhe
junxian tuzhi 元和郡縣圖志
Zhai shi shu 翟氏書, see Giles.
Zhimeng Fashizhuan 智猛法師傳, Chu sanzang
jiji, juan 15
Zhou shu yiyu liezhuan 周書異域列傳
Zhao Rugua 趙汝适, Zhu fan zhi 諸蕃志, translated by Friedrich Hirth and W. W. Rockhill, as Chau Ju-kua: His Work on the Chinese and Arab Trade in the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries, entitled Chu-fan-chi (St. Petersburg, 1911; rpt. Amsterdam: Oriental Press, 1966)
Zizhi tongjian 資治通鑑
Zuo Si 左思, "Rhymeprose on the Wei capital" 魏都賦
English
Translations
Giles, H. A., The Travels of Fa Hsien (Cambridge University Press, 1923; reprinted, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1956).
Legge, James, A
Record of Buddhistic Kingdoms, Being an Account by the Chinese Monk Fa-hsien of
his Travels in India and Ceylon (AD 399-141) in Search of the Buddhist Books of
Discipline, Translated and Annotated with a Corean recension of
the Chinese Text (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1886; reprinted, New York: Dover,
1965).
Legge's Sources
Dr. Eitel's "Handbook for the Student of Chinese Buddhism" (1870).
M. Abel Remusat, "Revu, complete, et augmente d'eclaircissements nouveaux par MM. Klaproth et Landress" (Paris, 1836).
Samuel Beal "Buddhist Records of the Western World" (London, 1869; revised, Trubner's Oriental Series, 1884).
Herbert A. Giles (British Consular Service in China), ... (1877).
T. Watters (British Consul at I-Chang), "Fa-hsien and his English Translators," China Review 1879, 1880.
Legge says: "My principal help has been the full and masterly handbook of Eitel, mentioned already, and often referred to as E.H. Spence Hardy's "Eastern Monachism" (E.M.) and "Manual of Buddhism" (M.B.) have been constantly in hand, as well as Rhys Davids' Buddhism, published by the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, his Hibbert Lectures, and his Buddhist Suttas in the Sacred Books of the East."
Buddhist Scriptures
Dazhi dulun 大智度論, translated by Kumarajiva (See Zhang Xun's note on the "seven precious substances", Khotan (Legge's chapter 3)
Fu tu jing
浮圖經 (Floating Picture Sutra)
Miaofa lianhua jing 妙法蓮華經, translated by Kumarajiva. See Zhang Xun's note on the "seven precious substances", in the section on Khotan (Legge's chapter 3)
Other sources
Soothill, William Edward, A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms with Sanskrit and English Equivalents and a Sanskrit-Pali Index (Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1937; rpt. 2000)
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